Cov kua dej ua tau yooj yim tuaj yeem nres yooj yim thaum raug cua sov, txim taws lossis nplaim taws, yog li cov chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo khaws cia. OSHA cov kua hluav taws xob ua kua txheem 29 CFR 1910.106 thiab NFPA 30 teeb tsa cov cai los tiv thaiv cov hluav taws. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, kua nrog cov ntsiab lus qis yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Saum toj no nws flash point, cov kua tawm cov vapors uas muaj peev xwm zes yog qhov chaw nres yog tam sim no. Yog hais tias lub vapor \/ huab cua sib tov yog hauv qab cov hluav taws xob qis dua (Lfl) nws yog lean dhau los hlawv, thiab sab saud Nkag siab cov khoom no pab piav txog vim li cas qee cov kua xav tau tshwj xeeb cia.
OSHA piav cov kua dej ua cov kua dej raws li cov uas muaj Flash taw tes nyob rau hauv lossis qis dua 199.4 Qib F (93 Qib). Cov Qauv Kev Sib Txuas Lus thiab NFPA txuas ntxiv cov nplaim taws ua kua rau hauv pawg raws li Flash taw tes thiab boiling point.
Flammable kua Pawg (1-4)
OSHA faib cov nplaim taws ua kua rau qeb 1, 2, 3, lossis 4, txhawm rau txo qis kev phom sij. Cov kab no tau txiav txim siab los ntawm Flash taw tes thiab boiling point:
- Qeb 1:Flash point< 73.4 °F (23 °C) and boiling point ≤ 95 °F (35 °C)
- Qeb 2:Flash point< 73.4 °F and boiling point >95 degree f
- Qeb 3:Flash lub ntsiab lus ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 73.4 Degree F thiab tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 140 degree f (60 degree)
- Qeb 4: Flash point >140 Degree F thiab tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau xyoo 199.4 Qib F (93 Qib)
Cov kua dej siab tshaj 199.4 Degree F tsis suav nrog cov phom los ntawm OSHA tshwj tsis yog rhuab thaum siv. Qhov tig tau lub flash point, ntau dua cov kua tuaj yeem nres ntawm qhov kub.
| Hom | Flash point | Kub taw tes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | < 73.4 °F (23 °C) | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 95 degree f (35 degree) |
| 2 | < 73.4 °F (23 °C) | >95 degree f (35 degree) |
| 3 | Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 73.4 Qib F (23 qib) thiab tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 140 degree f (60 degree) | – |
| 4 | >140 Qib F (60 degree) thiab tsawg dua lossis sib npaug nrog 199.4 Qib F (93 Qib) | – |
Nkag siab txog cov pawg no pab txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas thiab yuav ua li cas cov kua tuaj yeem khaws cia. Feem ntau, pawg 1 thiab 2 yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, thaum qeb 4 kua yog qhov tsis tshua muaj zog.
Koj tuaj yeem khaws ntau npaum li cas?
OSHA txwv qhov loj ntawm cov ntim thiab tag nrho cov roj cua nrog cov kua hluav taws xob ua ke hauv kev cia khoom zoo. Ntau dua yuav tsum mus rau hauv aFlammable Cov Txeelossis chav tsev. Qee qhov tseem ceeb OSHA txwv rau cov thawv yog:
| Thawv Hom | Miv 1 | Miv 2 | CAT 3 | CAT 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iav lossis pom zoo yas | 1 pint | 1 quart | 1 nkas loos | 1 nkas loos |
| Hlau (tsis yog-dot nruas) | 1 nkas loos | 5 nkas loos | 5 nkas loos | 5 nkas loos |
| Cov kaus poom kev nyab xeeb | 2 nkas loos | 5 nkas loos | 5 nkas loos | 5 nkas loos |
| Hlau Nruas (Dot Specification) | 60 nkas loos | 60 nkas loos | 60 nkas loos | 60 nkas loos |
| Pom zoo Portable Tso Tsheb Hlau Luam | 660 nkas loos | 660 nkas loos | 660 nkas loos | 660 nkas loos |
Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem khaws txog 5 nkas loos qeb 2 lossis 3 ua kua hauv kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem, tab sis tsuas yog 2 nkas loos yog nws qeb 1.
Rau qhov chaw cia khoom loj dua, OSHA tso cai tsuas yog qee tus nqi siab tshaj hauv ib lub tsev.Flammable Cia KhoomTso cai txog 60 nkas loos ntawm qeb 1, 2, lossis 3 kua, lossis 120 gallons ntawm 4 kua, muab cov txee ua raws OSHA cov qauv kev tsim kho. Tshaj dhau cov nyiaj uas yuav tsum muaj cov kua hluav taws xob ua kom haum rau chav ua haujlwm lossis ib qho kev pom zoo sab nraum zoov lub tsev.
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob: Tsim thiab Cov Ntawv Cim
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cia yog cov thawv ntim khoom tsim los kom qeeb dua thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws. OSHA yuav tsum tau cov tub rog no kom tau raws li {{0} feeb ntsuas ib zaug yog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab ({} Tag nrho cov nqaws nruj, lub qhov rooj muaj qhov sib tw ua peb-point, thiab hauv qab sab pem hauv ntej muaj 2 "silled sill. Cov ntoo ntoo yuav raug siv yog tias ua los ntawm 1 "hluav taws-retardant plywood nrog pob qij txha ua kom zoo thiab qhov rooj. Ntau lub txee kuj nqa UL 1275 lossis FM kev pom zoo.
Txhua lub txee yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv ceeb toom ceeb toom: "Nqaij - khaws hluav taws." Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg tsim hluav taws rau cov phom sij.
Cov Txiaj Ntsig Txheem Ntxiv thiab Cov Lus Qhia:
- Qhov rooj kaw tus kheej:Qhia los ntawm NFPA rau ntxiv kev nyab xeeb.
- Tsis muaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm:Pom zoo kom nyob twj ywm kom muaj cov vapors.
- GROUNDING:Feem ntau muab, txawm tias tsis tas yuav.
- Mob:Kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua rau kev puas tsuaj lossis kev hloov kho uas tuaj yeem txo cov hluav taws tsis kam.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov khoom siv ntab yog engineered rau kev nyab xeeb khaws cov kua dej volatile thiab txwv nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov hluav taws kub.
Lwm qhov kev xaiv khaws cia: Chav thiab sab nraum zoov
Rau qhov loj-teev cia, OSHA thiab NFPA muab lwm txoj kev xaiv:
- Sab hauv cov chav ntim khoom tawg hauv chav:Cov chav no tuaj yeem tuav cov khoom loj dua thiab yuav tsum ua kom haum, qhov cua, thiab hluav taws kev tiv thaiv. Chav kuj xav tau txauv tso pa tawm thiab yuav tsum ua kom cov kev cai hluav taws xob thiab txheej txheem.
- Sab Nraud Khoom Cia Khoom:Prefabricated sab nraum zoov cov qauv yog tso cai rau cov ntim ntau lossis ntev kom ntev. Cov vaj tse no ua raws NFPA thiab hauv nroog cov kab mob tus qauv tsim qauv.
- Saum toj no tso tsheb hlau luam:Siv rau ntau qhov ntau ntau. Yuav tsum muaj xws li vieting, sib cais, thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb.
Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev cia khoom zoo
- Siv cov thawv pom zoo:Tsuas yog siv OSHA \/ NFPA tus neeg pom zoo.
- Sau npe txhua yam:Kom meej meej daim ntawv lo rau txhua lub ntim nrog nws cov ncauj lus thiab cov phom sij.
- Ventilate qhov chaw:Xyuas kom paub tseeb tias muaj peev xwm dav dav kom tiv thaiv vapor buupup.
- Txav kom deb ntawm zes:Cov khw muag khoom ya tawm ntawm tshav kub, cov txim taws, thiab qhib cov nplaim taws.
- Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws:Nruab chaw tua hluav taws kom zoo thiab muab lawv nkag mus.
- Cov lus teb spill:Khaws cov khoom siv spill nyob ze thiab muaj cov xaim kom sai.
- Kev tu vaj tse:Khw Flammobe kom zoo, ntxuav cov ntawv seem, thiab zam dhau kev rhawv overloading.
- Kev cob qhia thiab cov ntaub ntawv:Cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia thiab tuav SDS rau txhua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog OSHA cov cai nrog NFPA kev coj thiab kev tu vaj tsev zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua tauMuaj kev nyab xeeb cov kua hluav tawsthiab tiv thaiv cov neeg thiab cov cuab yeej.