Phau Ntawv Qhia rau NFPA 45 Yuav Tsum Tau Rau Kev Siv Hluav Taws Kub

NFPA 45, cov qauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws rauChaw ua hauj samSiv tshuaj lom neeg kev nyab xeeb, yog kev tsim kho kev nyab xeeb uas tswj hwm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab tswj cov labs tuav tshuaj phom sij. Nws siv rau txhua qhov chaw kuaj, chav tsev, lossis thaj chaw ua haujlwm uas siv cov khoom siv lossis khaws cia.

Nws lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub neej thiab cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev txwv hluav taws thiab tawg kev puas tsuaj thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb egress hauv kev sim. NFPA 45 Txoj cai tswj tsev thiab OSHA \/ ESHA \/ ESHA ntxiv: nws ntxiv kuaj cov kev xav tau rau cov kev cai hluav taws thiab lub neej ruaj ntseg.

Piv txwv li, NFPA 45 hais txog lab "txoj kev nyob" raws li kev phom sij tshuaj thiab kev txwv, thiab sib cais raws li. Cov kws tshaj lij kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub neej thiab kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm qis rau NFPA 45 txhawm rau tsim chaw nyob nyab xeeb; Ua tsis tiav tuaj yeem ua rau kev soj ntsuam ua tsis tau zoo, nplua, lossis kaw.

Cov Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hluav Taws Kub (Chav Kawm AN rau D)

NFPA 45 pab pawg soj ntsuam ua si ua plaubKev Nyab Xeeb Chav KawmRaws li cov hom thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov nplaim taws \/ cov khoom sib txuas ua ke. Txhua chav kawm nqa cov kev txwv sib txawv:

• Chav Kawm A (Kev nyuaj siab):Muaj cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nplaim taws lossis cov kua sib txuas. Cov lab no muaj cov kev txwv nruj tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev teeb tsa. Piv txwv li, NFPA 45 Caps chav kawm ib qho labs ntawm 10, {2}} ft² (tsis muaj kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb (tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntxiv.
• Chav Kawm B (Nruab Nrab Kev Nyab Xeeb):Siv cov khoom siv ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws. Kev tswj hwm yog tsis tshua nruj dua li chav kawm tab sis tseem tseem ceeb. Cov B LEADS C LE kuj feem ntau txwv rau 10, 000 ft².
• Chav kawm c (qis qis):Tsuas muaj cov nplaim me me xwb. Cov lab no ntsib ob peb kev txwv ntawm qhov loj me lossis qhov chaw.
• Chav Kawm D (Tsawg Me Nyuam D (Tsawg kawg nkaus):Yuav tsum tsis muaj cov kua dej ua kua (piv txwv li cov kev daws teeb meem aqueous xwb). Cov lab no yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuas tsawg tshaj plaws.

Kev faib ua lab tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam rau ntau yam. Tshwj xeeb,Kuaj cheeb tsam txwv thiab kev sib caisNyob ntawm chav kawm. Yog hais tias cov pov thaiv sprinklers, chav kawm ib qho labs txog 10, 000 ft² yuav tsum tau 2-teev phab ntsa; Chav kawm b txog li 10, 000} ft² xav tau 1-teev phab ntsa; tsis tso cai rau ib qho lossis b lab los yog tsis tso cai. Cov chav kawm C thiab D lab tsis muaj cheeb tsam txwv thiab tsis tas yuav muaj lub ntsa tshwj xeeb sib cais. NFPA 45 kuj tseem piav txog hom chaw nyob: Chav kawm A, B, C, C, C-Dev Ntawv (rau ib chav kawm D lossis cov ntaub ntawv qhia ua lag luam.

Tswv yim qhia:Taug qab koj cov khoom siv tshuaj kho kom zooCov. Los ntawm tallying flammable \/ combustible stocks, lab tus thawj tswj tau tuaj yeem txiav txim siab lawv chav kawm NFPA kev phom sij thiab xyuas kom lawv tsis pub dhau kev txwv.

Tshuaj fume he qauv tsim thiab siv

NFPA 45 muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws rauFums hoodsthiab cov pa hauv zosCov. Nws tau ua txhua yam tshiab lossis kho cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tshiab lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm tau paub txog cov neeg ua haujlwm hood yog ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub qhwv khaub ncaws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj thiab tso cov pa hluav taws txaus thiab cov vapors nyab xeeb; Cua sab sab los ntawm cov tshuaj fuments cov hlaws tej zaum yuav tsis recirculated rov qab rau hauv lub tsev. Hauv kev xyaum qhov no txhais tau tias cov khoom ua si tawm sab nraum zoov lossis ua kom huv si. Ducelfless lossis recirculating lub zog yog tam sim no tsuas yog tso cai rau qee yam tsawg kawg nkaus - rau cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab tsuas yog nrog tshuaj xyuas tus kws tsim nyog thiab kev tso cai nkag.

NFPA 45 hais txog cov neeg siv kom lees txais cov lus qhia kev ua tau zoo rau cov ntawv looj. Txawm hais tias nws tsis txhim kho lub ntsej muag meej meej, ansi \/ Aiha Z9.5 thiab OSHA pom zoo nruab nrab lub ntsej muag nyob ib puag ncig80-120 ko taw \/ feeb (FPM)(Txog {{{{{0}}}. 4-0.6 m \/ s) rau cov kev ua haujlwm raug. Tus yuam sij yog tias airflow yuav tau txaus kom muaj cov pa taws tsis muaj kev kub heev. Qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws yog kev sim cov khoom ntawm ashrae 110 qauv txhua xyoo lossis tom qab hloov pauv. NFPA 45 yuav tsum tau qhov ntawdKuaj HNuaThiab lawv txoj kev tso tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab kuaj tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug. Tom qab txhua qhov kev kuaj, lub hood yuav tsum nqa cov ntawv sau npe lossis cov cav qhia txog hnub xeem ntawv kawg, nruab nrab lub ntsej muag nrawm, thiab kev soj ntsuam luv luv. Kev siv hoods (rau perachloric acid, xov tooj cua, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas kom meej meej nrog kev kos npe.

Cov Lus Qhia Siv:Khaws cov hood sash ntawm cov kev pom zoo qhov siab (feem ntau cim los ntawm lub dav hlau cua ntsuas lub tswb); Tsis txhob ua dhau los thaiv cov baffles; Thiab tsis txhob siv lub hood raws li kev cia lossis khib nyiab pov tseg. Los ntawm NFPA 45 cov cai, hoods tuav cov nplaim taws muaj nyob rau ntawm lub system uas ua rau Lab tsis zoo. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua kom ntseeg tau tias hood tso tawm cov kiv cua tab tom cuam tshuam nrog lub kaus mom dav hlau yog li lub kaus mom tsis taus yog tias kev chim siab.

Hluav Taws Kub Hluav Taws Xob thiab Pauv Hloov

TSIS SIV NEEG TSHUAJ NPLOOJ

NFPA 45 ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv sprinkler yuav tsum ua rau feem ntau sim. Txhua qhov chaw kuaj tshiab yuav tsum muaj kev pom zoo tsis siv neeg hluav taws kub extinguishing system. Hauv kev xyaum txhais tau tiasSprinklers rau ib NFPA 13Cov. Chav Kawm A thiab B thiab B lab yuav tsum yog cov qauv tsim kev phom sij, thaum chav kawm c thiab d labs siv cov ntom ntom ntom ntom.

Yog tias dej muaj kev phom sij rau qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis tshuaj lom neeg, NFPA 45 tso cai rau cov txheej txheem tsis muaj tshuaj lom xws li FM-200, COU, tsim ib tus qauv NFPA. Hauv cov vaj tse nrog ntau cov dab neeg, NFPA 45 kuj yuav tsum tau sab hauv \/ hose tshuab rau ntawm cov plag tsev nrog cov lab.

Portable tua

Txhua lub lab kuaj yuav tsum muaj cov chaw tua hluav taws. NFPA 45 tsuas yog tuaj yeem hais txog NFPA 10: "Portable tua hluav taws yuav tsum muab ntsia, nyob, thiab tswj tau raws li NFPA 10". Feem ntau, uas txhais tau tias ABC (Tshuaj Qhuav-Tshuaj uas cov npog chav kawm A \/ B \/ C Fires, thiabIb chav kawm d (hlau) tuaYog tias muaj ntau qhov ntau ntawm cov hlau uas muaj hlau xws li sodium, magnesium yog tam sim no.

Rau sizing thiab kev tso kawm, NFPA 45 hais tias chav kawm ib lab yog kho raws li cov chaw muaj xwm txheej ntxiv thiab chav kawm B \/ C \/ D raws li thaj chaw zoo tib yam. Extinguuuubers yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txhua hli thiab yauv ua txij nkawm txhua xyoo. Thaum kawg, NFPA 45 yuav tsum tau cov hluav taws xob tua hluav taws hauv chav kawm A thiab B

Kuaj qhov cua thiab tawg tswj

NFPA 45 hais txogNruam Ntsej MuaghauvKev Siv TshuajCov. Nyob rau hauv Tshooj 7, lub chaw tos tsheb nyob qhov twg yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj muaj qhov cua tsis muaj qhov cua nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj mob rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Qhov ua tau, Lab HVAC cov kab mob yuav tsum muab cov pa hluav taws xob hloov pauv thiab ua kom muaj kev sim ua kom muaj kev sib tw ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo hauv kev hauv tsev \/ lwm thaj chaw. Qhov tseem ceeb, muaj kev tso tshuaj lom neeg hoods lossis hauv zos yuav tsum tsis txhob recirculate rov qab mus rau hauv lub chaw. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov no feem ntau txhais tau tias kev ua tiav tso tawm hauv lub ru tsev, nrog cov huab cua sib nkag los ntawm sab nraud lossis lim.

NFPA 45 kuj tau hais plaub thaum lub chaw kuaj sim raug txiav txim siab kom muaj kev phom sij tawg. Piv txwv li, thaj chaw ua haujlwm tau cais vim kev tawg tawg yog tias nws cuam tshuam:

• Cia lossis siv cov tshuaj tsis ruaj khov;
• Cov khoom loj ntawm cov pectoxides lossis lwm yam kev cuam tshuam heev;
• Cov kev tshua siab;
• Tej yam mob uas pom tau tias muaj kev phom sij los ntawm tus neeg tsim nyog.

Thaum muaj kev phom sij muaj nyob, NFPA 45 qhia tias "kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog, lossis tshwj xeeb tawg Vents rau ib as NFPA 68\/69

Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws:Ua ib qho kev soj ntsuam kev phom sij ua ntej yuav pib txheej txheem tshiab. Yog xav paub txog cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm, siv fume hoods los yog hnab looj tes, thiab tso cov ntawv tawg-pov tseg \/ outlets hauv cov chaw ntawd.Zam kev tsim lub teeb liab zoo li qub - siv cov av sib tsoo ntawm lub nruas, thiab kom paub meej tias txhua txhua cov roj tsheb thiab cov pa ntsuas cov tshuab muaj kev pab kho kom zoo. Yog tias siv cov pa hluav taws tsis ua haujlwm, NFPA 45 qhia kom nres ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb tshuaj kom txog thaum kev tso tawm kom raug rov qab los.

Cia thiab tuav cov kua hluav taws kub

NFPA 45 LUB Tshooj tshooj 10 tau txais kev faib tawm NFPA 30 rau cov kua. Kev ntsuas yuav tsum txwv ntawm ob qhov ntau ntawm cov chav kawm kev phom sij.

Piv txwv li, hauv chav kawm ib chav kawm, NFPA 45 tso cai rau10 gold ntawm chav kawm kuv cov kua dej ntws rau ib 100 ft² ntawm ib qho chaw lab thiab txog 20 gal tag nrho ntawm chav kawm I \/ II \/ III ua kenyob rau hauv ib txwm siv. Nrog kev pom zooKev Nyab Xeeb Cov CANS lossis chaw cia khoom, cov kev txwv ob npaug (rau 20 gal chav I, 40 gal tag nrho). Meiner chav kawm B-D muaj feem ntau txwv kev txwv, feem ntau raws li 1 gal ib 100 ft² lossis tsawg dua.Tag nrho cov flammables yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv cov thawv pom zoo: NFPA 45 txwv tsis pub dhau lossis sib npaug nrog 1 pt; kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 10 l).

Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Nyab Xeeb:

• Ib txwm ua kom cov kuab tshuaj muaj kuabFlammable Cia Khoomlossis cov kaus lossis kev nyab xeeb, thiab deb ntawm cov cua sov lossis ignition - tsis muaj cov nplaim taws qhib, tsis muaj cov phiaj kub tsis pub dhau 5 ft.
• Daim ntawv lo qhia kom meej meej "cov nplaim - ua kom hluav taws kub".
• Zam txhob khaws cov hwj hnyav loj saum lub xub pwg qhov siab.
• Txo cov khoom: Tsuas yog qhib txaus rau cov kev xav tau tam sim ntawd thiab rov ua dua.
• NFPA 45 kuj yuav tsum tau sau cov khoom lag luam uas muaj nplaim nyob hauv txhua chav kuaj sim los kuaj cov kev txwv tsis tshaj.
• Nyob rau hauv NFPA 10 thiab OSHA, kom tsawg kawg ib ABC tuaeer nyob ze rau thaj chaw cia.
• Yog tias cov cuab yeej kawm hauv chav kawm tam sim no, siv cov chav kawm kom raug d tua.

NFPA 45 yuav tsum muaj thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws