Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, zaub mov kev ruaj ntseg thiab muaj teeb meem zoo tau txais kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv. Cov khoom noj uas hais hauv nov yog cov khoom noj uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws, nrog rau cov khoom ua liaj ua teb xws li cov qoob loo, roj zaub, zaub, dej yug tsiaj, cov tsiaj nyeg thiab cov nqaij tsiaj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam zaub mov xws li cov zaub mov kaus poom, edible zaub mov. Cov roj, cov khoom noj khoom haus, cov khoom noj, cov khoom noj, thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau cov kev soj ntsuam kuaj ntau dua thiab ntau dua. Hauv cov chaw soj ntsuam no, vim muaj ntau yam txawv, cov khoom sib tw sib txawv yog txawv, thiab muaj ntau yam kev yuav khoom thiab kev xaiv cov cuab yeej hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj thiab kev tsim kho.
Pawg saib xyuas khoom noj yog muab faib ua ob yam loj, ib qho yog los kuaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov khoom; ib leeg yog kuaj qhov khoom noj khoom haus no, qhov kev tshawb xyuas ntawm hom ntawm qhov project yog qhov nyuaj thiab kev peev txheej siab.
(1) Cov khoom lag luam muaj xws li:
Hws noo, ntsev cov ntsiab lus, qab zib cov ntsiab lus, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein, roj cov ntsiab lus, fiber ntau cov ntsiab lus, vitamin cov ntsiab lus, acidity, thiab cov zoo li. Rau kev kuaj xyuas ntawm cov khoom no, yog tias cov nyiaj txwv, kev tshuaj ntsuam tshuaj siv tau. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los npaj lub qhov cub yooj yim, dej da dej, hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, lub tshuab nqus dej, lub tshuab ntsuas pa thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Yog hais tias cov nyiaj txaus los yog muaj ntau qhov kev soj ntsuam, cov khoom sib tw uas tau coj los siv tau tshwj xeeb cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rau kev yuav khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qee qhov cuab yeej cuab tam siv tau rau kev yuav khoom, xws li UV / Vis spectrophotometer, ze qhov dav hlau analyzer, thiab automatic titrator. Fluorescence photometers qee zaus kuj yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas cov vitamins A thiab E. Yog xav pom cov khoom noj xws li cov tshuaj calcium, zinc, hlau, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab atomic absorption meter-flame detector.
(2) Kev tsim kho mob muaj xws li:
Microorganisms, additives, teeb meem hais txog tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tua kab tom qab, tshuaj muam ntses vwm, cov tshuaj toxins, thiab lwm yam. Rau cov tuam txhab ua zaub mov noj, yuav tsum ua cov tshuaj microbiological laboratories.
a) Microorganisms:
Lub chaw kuaj kabmob microbiology yuav tsum raug tsim ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov qauv kuaj kev lom (biological laboratory standards). Cov khoom lag luam uas tsim nyog muaj xws li cov ntxhuav hauv kev ntxuav, cov kab hluav taws, autoclaves, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. Lwm cov khoom siv teeb tsa raws li tej yam khoom siv. Yog tias koj muaj nyiaj tsawg, koj tuaj yeem yuav nws domestically. Yog tias koj muaj nyiaj ntau, koj tuaj yeem xav yuav qhov khoom ntawd. Tus nqi sib txawv ntawm ob yog txawv heev.
b) Additives thiab teeb meem ntsiab lus:
Qee qhov kev siv yuav siv tshuaj lom neeg txoj kev xws li nitrite, sulfur dioxide, hnyav hlau cov ntsiab lus, tag nrho arsenic, thiab lwm yam, tiam sis kom tau raws li kev cai noj zaub mov hauv lub teb chaws tam sim no, koj yuav tsum tau muas roj roj chromatograph-hydrogen nplaim taws, kua chromatography-ultraviolet / A pom lub teeb pom kev zoo, xws li kev txuag hluavtaws (benzoic acid, sorbic acid, thiab lwm yam.), yog ib qho khoom qab zib (sodium cyclamate, sodium saccharin, etc.), pigment (txiv qaub daj, carmine, etc.). Kev haus luam yeeb ntawm atomic absorption spectrometer - muaj peev xwm ntes tau teeb meem xws li cov hlau lead, chromium, cadmium, tooj liab, xauv tes, thiab lwm yam., Thiab tseem xav tau lub tshuab fais fab (atomic fluorescence instrument) kom pom tau tias arsenic thiab mercury.
c) Hom tshuaj tua kab
Roj chromatography rau kev kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tua kab tom tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb. Rau kev kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tua kab (Organochlorine Pesticides), yuav tsum tau txhaj ECD ntes hluav taws xob. Rau kev kuaj xyuas seb cov tshuaj tua kab tsuag zoo li cas, ib qho hluav taws xob FPD ntes hluav taws xob los yog muaj nitrogen-phosphorus NPD detector. Niaj hnub nim no, muaj ntau thiab ntau txoj haujlwm ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tua kab tua kab. Yuav kom txhim kho tau ntau yam, nws yog qhov pom zoo rau nruab ib kab capillary split / splitless inlet thiab nruab ib sab capillary. Muab piv rau txhua tus kab uas sawv daws tau ua, cov kab nrib pleev rau sab nraud muaj ntau txoj kev sib cais thiab tuaj yeem txo cov kev hloov ntau zaus thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo. Muaj ntau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas thaum tawm cov khoom lag luam khoom noj khoom haus. Yuav kom tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom thiab cov khoom, roj chromatography-spectrometry yuav tsum configured. Feem ntau, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los tsim kom tau ib qho hluav taws xob hauv EI qhov hluav taws xob. Yog tias tsim nyog, kev siv tshuaj NCI tsis zoo yuav siv tau. Nws yog spectrometer spectrum four-stage los yog tus ion hauv huab hwm coj spectrometer. Tus kheej, nws yuav siv tau. Ob leeg seev muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Nws tseem nyob ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm.
d) Residual tshuaj yeeb veterinary:
Yog hais tias nrhiav tau ntawm residual Veterinary tshuaj yog nqa tawm, tsis muaj ntau yam khoom thiab muaj ntau ntau pawg. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj ib qho kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob enzyme-linked. Qhov ntsuas tau muaj cov tswv yim me ntsis hauv ib lub sij hawm, nws yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, thiab muaj kev paub zoo txog qhov siab. Muaj qee cov kev tsis zoo siv los siv ELISA. Ua ntej, cov khoom siv yog ib lub sijhawm ntev. Yog hais tias tus batch me me, tus nqi yuav siab dua. Qhov thib ob, qhov tseem ceeb tsis zoo, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo. Thib peb, yog hais tias nws yog rau ib lub sijhawm ntev. Nws muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv kev kuaj, thiab tus nqi yog siab tshaj qhov ntsuas ntsuas. Rau cov zaub mov cov zaub mov uas muaj qee lub teev, kom ua tau raws li cov kev cai txwv tam sim no ntawm European Union, Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Nyij Pooj thiab lwm lub teb chaws, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los npaj cov kua chromatography-tandem spectrometer. Qhov ntsuas thawj pom zoo yuav tsum tau nruab nrog ib tug triple quadrupole huab hwm coj spectrometer nrog siab rhiab heev thiab zoo reproducibility. Qhov ntsuas tsis tas yuav caum cuag kev tawm tswv yim zoo, txaus siv, tab sis ua kom muaj zog, ruaj khov, tiv thaiv kev qias neeg thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm zoo dua. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los yuav ib cov qauv nrog cov neeg siv ntau dua, thiab ib pab pawg neeg zoo ib yam li ib qho uas tau sim los ntawm nws tus kheej. Ua ntej, nws qhia tau hais tias tsis muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm kev ntsuas los ntawm hom kev ntsuas, thiab ob zaug, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txoj kev sib pauv kev lag luam yav tom ntej.